Getter and Setter in Java
Getter
and Setter in java is very important for encapsulation (it is the wrapping of
variables and methods into a single unit) data from the outside world. Getter
and setter methods are basically used to get and maneuver private variables in
a different class. The getter method
retrieves an element of the same name while a Setter sets the element. Getter and Setter's method is also known as
Accessor method.
public class SetterAndGetter
{
private String name;
private String idCourse;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
{
this.name = name;
}
{
return idCourse;
}
{
this.idCourse = idCourse;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
Here
private variables are name, idCourse, and age and it cannot be accessed directly
from the outside world. In setXXX and getXXX methods facilitate to access the
private variables.
Now
from another class, those private variables can be accessed very easily
package
encapsulation;
public
class Encapsulation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SetterAndGetter encap=new
SetterAndGetter();
encap.setAge(20);
encap.setIdCourse("BCA");
encap.setName("Kamal");
System.out.print("Name : " +
encap.getName() + " Age : " + encap.getAge()+ "Course
:"+encap.getIdCourse());
}
}
In the above example, setter and getter methods are protecting
variable’s private
String name,
private
String idCourse, private int age value from
unexpected changes by the outside world or class or from the caller code.
Setter and Getter in java a few important points
- The hidden variable (private modifier) can be accessed only through a getter and setter that is encapsulated. Encapsulation is
wrapping of data into a single unit.
- The setter/getter methods/ function are used to allot or change and access values of the instance variables of a class.
- Getters and setters are also known as accessors and mutators, respectively.
- Encapsulation is associated with getting or setting method.
- Hiding the internal variable’s property while revealing a property using an alternative representation.
- Protect a public interface from change. It allows the public interface to remain constant while the execution changes without affecting existing values.
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