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History of Java
Java is a computer
programming language. It is a general-purpose, object-oriented, portable,
secure, and platform-independent language. It was initiated in 1991 by James
Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patric Naughton. Java was initially called Oak
after an Oak tree. Later it named Java. In the year 1995 Sun
Microsystems released Java 1.0 and it was based on WORA(Write once Run Any
ware) or we can say platform-independent.
Arthur van Hoff was the
person who re-wrote Java 1.0 compiler strictly adheres to Java 1.0
specification. In December 1998 Java 2 was released by codename Playground and
it has major changes. Java 2 name was changed to J2SE.
In the year 2000 J2SE 1.3
was released with code name Kestrel and it has bundled with Hotspot JVM,
JavaSound, Java Naming, JNDI, and Java platform debugger architecture. In the year 2002 J2SE 1.4
released with code name Merlin, it has included regular expression modeled
after PERL.
In 2004-2005 J2SE 1.5
released with codename Tiger. In this version, several new features were
included like a for-each loop, Generics, autoboxing, and var-args.In 2006 Java SE 6 and
dropped zero, with code name Mustang. It has bundled with a database manager
and facilitates scripting language with JVM.Java SE 7 with the codename
Dolphin in 2011 with new features added such String in switch-case and it
supports dynamic language.
In 2014 Java SE 8 was released
with lambda expression with code name Spider.
The newest version of Java is
Java-14, released in March 2020, and Java 11, a currently supported long-term
support (LTS) version, released on September 25, 2018. The Oracle
Corporation discharged for the Java 8 LTS the last free open update in January 2019
for business use, while it will in any case despite everything bolster Java 8
with open updates for individual utilize something like in any event December
2020. Prophet (and others) energetically suggest uninstalling more seasoned
renditions of Java as a result of genuine dangers because of uncertain security
issues. Since Java 9, 10, 12, and 13 are no longer supported.
Major release versions of Java, along with their release dates:
- JDK 1.0 (January 23, 1996)
- JDK 1.1 (February 19, 1997)
- J2SE 1.2 (December 8, 1998)
- J2SE 1.3 (May 8, 2000)
- J2SE 1.4 (February 6, 2002)
- J2SE 5.0 (September 30, 2004)
- Java SE 6 (December 11, 2006)
- Java SE 7 (July 28, 2011)
- Java SE 8 (March 18, 2014)
- Java SE 9 (September 21, 2017)
- Java SE 14 (March 14, 2020)
There were five major criteria for the creation of this wonderful language which are as follows:
- Must be an Objected Oriented.
- Must be a secure and robust language.
- Must be portable and architectural neutral which means Java application runs anywhere in networks as it generates bytecode which runs on any OS and networks provided JVM is there.
- Must be high performance
- It must be multithreaded
Few features of Java.
- General Purpose
- Object-oriented
- Class-based
- Cross-Platform
- Portable
- Architecturally neutral
- Multithreaded
- Dynamic
- Distributed
- Interpreted Programming Language
- Here emp1 and emp2 are reference data types
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Java Data Types
